Contrast en.wikipedia.org is difference, and almost all of the difference that matters for reading is difference in value rather than in hue. Two colours of the same lightness will vibrate against each other and be hard to read even when they look nothing alike.
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Set a pale grey on white, then darken it until it passes. Most failing pairs are only one step too light.
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Small type is where contrast fails first. A heading this size can get away with a pale colour that a line of body text cannot, which is why the rules give large text a lower floor.
2.78:1
- Body text · needs 4.5:1
- Large text · needs 3:1
- Body text, strictest (AAA) · needs 7:1
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